Matrix Science Pharma (MSP)

Ethnobotanical Study of Wild Edible Plants in Pyuthan District

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February 20, 2026 In Uncategorized

msp.03.2022.62.67

ETHNOBOTANICAL STUDY OF WILD EDIBLE PLANTS IN PYUTHAN DISTRICT

Journal: Matrix Science Pharma (MSP)
Sangam Patna, Dipika Parajulee, Ganesh Subedi, Bhuwan Giri

This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited

DOI: 10.4103/MTSP.MTSP_7_21

ABSTRACT

Nepal, being a small country, occupying just 0.1% of the global area is rich in its biodiversity, both in plant and animal diversity and cultural diversity. The country is bestowed with climatic variation and unique geography which provides diversified topography. The ecologically rich environment and the multi‑ethnic population is a unique and attractive attribute of the country. Biodiversity and cultural diversity come together as we know; different ethnic groups depend on biodiversity for their food security. Nepal is rich in wild edible plants (WEPs) growing in different ecosystems and such plants along with their wild relatives enrich the genetic diversity in the country.

Pages 62-67
Year 2022
Issue 3
Volume 6

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February 20, 2026 In Uncategorized

msp.03.2022.58.61

MEDICAL TREATMENT OF RHINITIS IN PREGNANT WOMAN

Journal: Matrix Science Pharma (MSP)
Santosh Kumar Swain

This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited

DOI: 10.4103/MTSP.MTSP_10_22

ABSTRACT

Rhinitis is a global problem and is described as the presence of at least one of the symptoms, such as sneezing, rhinorrhea, nasal itching, and nasal obstruction. Gestational rhinitis is a common clinical condition found during pregnancy. Medical management options for pregnant women with rhinitis need careful consideration. It is often challenging to differentiate the causes of rhinitis as it often influences the treatment. Conservative treatment is an important option for patients with pregnancy‑induced rhinitis and preexisting allergic or nonallergic rhinitis. Awareness about pregnancy‑induced rhinitis and its resolve after pregnancy can provide some relief. Few options, such as exercises, nasal douching or lavage, positioning, and nasal valve dilators, are safe in pregnancy with rhinitis due to any etiology. Intranasal corticosteroids have often safe with budesonide. Oral corticosteroids can be used in pregnant women with moderate‑to‑severe disease and should be avoided in the first trimester. Second‑generation antihistamines, such as loratadine and cetirizine, are the most well‑studied drugs, and are often considered safe. The role of immunotherapy requires further research to establish its effectiveness. Hence, the treatment of rhinitis during pregnancy is considered a complex task. This review article aims to discuss the current medical treatment options for rhinitis during pregnancy.

Pages 58-61
Year 2022
Issue 3
Volume 6

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February 20, 2026 In Uncategorized

msp.03.2022.53.57

CURRENT PHARMACOLOGICAL TREATMENT OF TINNITUS

Journal: Matrix Science Pharma (MSP)
Santosh Kumar Swain, Debasmita Dubey

This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited

DOI: 10.4103/MTSP.MTSP_11_22

ABSTRACT

Tinnitus is the phantom perception of sound. The pathophysiology of tinnitus is poorly understood in medicine. It is a highly prevalent disorder and treatment is still elusive. Tinnitus is a common otologic symptom presented by patients in the outpatient department of otolaryngology. In some people, tinnitus is a fairly minor irritation but for many, it intrudes to such a degree that it affects their ability to lead a normal life. Individuals who suffer from disabling tinnitus often need medical treatment from an otologist, neurologist, or psychiatrist with the hope of finding a medication that can completely switch off their tinnitus and bring back silence. The available treatment for tinnitus patients is diverse. These include counseling, cognitive behavioral therapies, tinnitus retraining therapy, and input to the auditory system such as hearing aids and cochlear implants. The pharmacological treatment for tinnitus patients is often less discussed in the literature. The search for effective tinnitus treatment faces considerable challenges. Tinnitus is only a symptom that might be the result of different underlying pathologies. Thus, heterogeneity within tinnitus patients is expected and the drug discovery endeavor faces a “one drug will not fit all” scenario. Tinnitus today is still clinically challenging and most patients want a drug that could reduce or even abolish their phantom sound. The objective of this review article is to discuss the current pharmacological treatment of tinnitus.

Pages 53-57
Year 2022
Issue 3
Volume 6

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February 20, 2026 In Uncategorized

msp.02.2022.46.52

CYTOTOXIC AND APOPTOTIC INDUCTION ACTIVITY OF PROTEIN ISOLATED FROM BLOOD CLAM (ANADARA (TEGILLARCA) GRANOSA, LINNAEUS 1758) AGAINST BREAST CANCER T47D CELL LINE

Journal: Matrix Science Pharma (MSP)
Faruk Rokhman Ardi Putra, Rebekah J Setyabudi, Nastiti Wijayanti, Theresia Indah Budhy S

This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited

DOI: 10.4103/MTSP..MTSP_9_21

ABSTRACT

Cancer is the second‑leading cause of death in the world. Recently, it has been estimated that 10 million people have died due to cancer. Breast cancer is the highest type of cancer found in women with cancer by the WHO, 2021. The maturation of cancer cells through various processes and involves various types of cells. Therefore, the early detection and elimination of these cells is a promising way to overcome the problem of the spread of cancer cells. Breast cancer can be started from the formation of a tumor in the duct gland which undergoes unlimited division to form a tumor which is then able to develop into cancer. This development can be initiated by mutations that occur in oncogene genes such as human epidermal growth factor 2 (HER2) and estrogen receptors.[3] The mechanism of development and spread of tumors into cancer in breast cells is influenced by a microclimate based on inflammatory events and the avoidance of macrophages. This process triggers the malignancy of cancer cells.

Pages 46-52
Year 2022
Issue 2
Volume 6

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February 20, 2026 In Uncategorized

msp.02.2022.41.45

ANTI-INFLAMMATORY, VIRAL REPLICATION SUPPRESSION AND HEPATOPROTECTIVE ACTIVITIES OF BITTER KOLA – LIME JUICE, – HONEY MIXTURE IN HBEAG SEROPOSITIVE PATIENTS

Journal: Matrix Science Pharma (MSP)
Mathew Folaranmi Olaniyan, Ferdinand Uwaifo, Tolulope Busayo Olaniyan

This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited

DOI: 10.4103/MTSP..MTSP_8_22

ABSTRACT

Sweetness Interleukin 10 (IL‑10) cytokine is a human cytokine synthesis inhibitory factor and an anti‑inflammatory cytokine. It inhibits the production of pro‑inflammatory cytokines. IL‑10 cytokine an anti‑inflammatory cytokine enhances B cell survival and proliferation. It stimulates antibody production. IL‑10 cytokine suppresses antigen‑presenting cells regarding
antigen‑presentation capacity.

Pages 41-45
Year 2022
Issue 2
Volume 6

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February 20, 2026 In Uncategorized

msp.02.2022.35.40

MOLECULAR IDENTIFICATION AND PHYLOGENETIC ANALYSIS OF PUTATIVE SENESCENCE ASSOCIATED GENE 21 IN STEVIA REBAUDIANA ACCESSION MS007

Journal: Matrix Science Pharma (MSP)
Nur Farhana Mustafa, Siti Noor Eliana Mohamad Nazar, Zabirah Abdul Rahim, Nurul Hidayah Samsulrizal

This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited

DOI: 10.4103/MTSP..MTSP_6_22

ABSTRACT

Sweetness is one of the taste sensations that allow humans to savor foods. It is highly related to sugar as it gives a sweet taste to the dishes. Alot of research has been done to find alternative resources for sweeteners aside from sugarcane and honey. Stevia has been one of the natural sweeteners that can replace
sugar in our food intake. In Japan, Stevia has been widely used as a sweetener in food and beverages. Steviol glycosides(SGs) are the compounds present in Stevia which give the food a sweet taste. The main components of SGs are stevioside and rebaudioside A. These components are highly soluble in water and have intensely sweet properties.[2] Researchers have found that stevioside is 300 times sweeter than sucrose.

Pages 35-40
Year 2022
Issue 2
Volume 6

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February 19, 2026 In Uncategorized

msp.01.2022.23.34

CLINICAL PROFILING OF POLYCYSTIC OVARY SYNDROME PATIENTS IN KASHMIR POPULATION

Journal: Matrix Science Pharma (MSP)
Ahila Ashraf, Rajesh Singh, Shahnawaz Mir

This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited

DOI: 10.4103/MTSP..MTSP_4_22

ABSTRACT

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a widespread premenopausal hereditary disease of reproductive women with endocrinopathy and metabolic disorders. The characteristic features of PCOS include excess androgens, hirsutism, irregular menses, polycystic ovaries, and follicular failure making the women unproductive. PCOS is heterogeneous disorder, lacking the knowledge of definite mechanism of pathogenesis. The Rotterdam diagnostic criteria for defining PCOS include excess androgens, irregular or no ovulation, and polycystic ovaries. However, in the absence of auxiliary specific diagnostic criteria, PCOS is determined by hyperandrogenism and follicular failure.[8] In spite of contentious viewpoints on current criteria for PCOS diagnosis, a professional opinion based on blood testing, an ultrasound, and pelvic examination can corroborate the diagnosis.[

Pages 23-34
Year 2022
Issue 1
Volume 6

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February 19, 2026 In Uncategorized

msp.01.2022.11.22

ETHNOBOTANICAL STUDY OF MEDICINAL PLANTS PRACTICED AT MYAGDI DISTRICT, NEPAL

Journal: Matrix Science Pharma (MSP)
Anit Poudel

This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited

DOI: 10.4103/MTSP..MTSP_3_22

ABSTRACT

Medicinal plants have been used from time immemorial to cure human diseases and injuries. They are rich in secondary metabolites and are the principal sources of raw drugs. Over three‑quarters of the world’s population rely mainly on plants and plant extracts for health care. Medicinal plants are used in the diagnosis, prevention, and elimination of physical and mental imbalance. Ayurveda, Naturopathy, Homeopathy, Unani, Amchi, and Acupuncture are the major traditional system of medicine in Nepal. According to the WHO (1976) traditional medicine is the sum total of all knowledge and practices used in diagnosis, prevention, and treatment of diseased exclusively predicated on practical experience and observation handed over the generation whether verbally or in written form. Not only herbal medicines but also animal parts and/or minerals and nonmedication therapies are used in traditional medicine. Of the 10,091 species of higher plants found in Nepal, 700 species are believed to have medicinal values and only 238 species are medically tested and documented. Similarly, medicinal plants are traditionally used by several ethnic groups and communities under the guidance of Kavirajs, Vaidyas, Dhamis, Jhakris, Healers, and Lammas.[9,10] Over 100 Medicinal plants are being exported to other countries from Nepal and 70% of rural populations still rely on medicinal herbs for treatment.[11] Besides therapeutic uses, they also have nutritional, religious, cultural, and socioeconomic importance.

Pages 11-22
Year 2022
Issue 1
Volume 6

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February 19, 2026 In Uncategorized

msp.01.2022.06.10

TOTAL PHENOLIC CONTENT IN PIPER SARMENTOSUM USING DIFFERENT EXTRACTION TECHNIQUES AND SOLVENTS: A SHORT REVIEW

Journal: Matrix Science Pharma (MSP)
Maizatul Akma Ibrahim, Nuryn Imanina Kamarul Arifin, Nor Hazwani Mohd Hasali

This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited

DOI: 10.4103/MTSP..MTSP_7_22

ABSTRACT

Piper sarmentosum is an herbaceous plant that belongs to Piperaceae family which possesses an antioxidant activity due to the presence of phenolic compounds. The extraction of phenolic compounds from this Piper species could be carried out by employing various conventional and nonconventional extraction techniques and solvents. Among the extraction techniques commonly applied are maceration, infusion, reflux, and water bath extraction which are classified as conventional methods. Meanwhile, among nonconventional approaches employed are microwaved‑assisted extraction, ultrasonic‑assisted extraction (UAE), microwave‑assisted infusion, and agitation extraction. The recovery of phenolic content could be performed using different extracting solvents such as water, ethanol, methanol, butanol, hexane, n‑hexane, acetone, chloroform, and ethyl acetate. In this manuscript, the effect of different extraction techniques and solvents on the total phenolic content (TPC) in P. sarmentosum was reviewed. Previous research recorded that the TPC which was expressed as gallic acid equivalent in P. sarmentosum ranges from 0.57 mg GAE/g for UAE to 430 mg GAE/g where the maceration technique produced the highest TPC. While for the extracting solvents, methanol gave the most significant amount of TPC with obtained value at 379 mg GAE/100 g. This research provides an overall review of different techniques of solvents which could be used as references on the optimization of extraction processes to enhance the recovery of phenolic content from P. sarmentosum.

Pages 06-10
Year 2022
Issue 1
Volume 6

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February 19, 2026 In Uncategorized

msp.01.2022.01.05

PHARMACOTHERAPY OF MENIERE’S DISEASE: A REVIEW

Journal: Matrix Science Pharma (MSP)
Santosh Kumar Swain

This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited

DOI: 10.4103/MTSP..MTSP_5_22

ABSTRACT

Meniere’s disease (MD) is a chronic inner ear disorder characterized by intermittent episodes of vertigo lasting from minutes to hours, with fluctuating sensorineural hearing loss, tinnitus, and aural fullness. Endolymphatic hydrops is thought to be the pathological basis for MD and arise due to either excessive production or inadequate absorption of endolymph. The raised endolymphatic pressure causes periodic rupture or leakage in the membrane separating the endolymphatic from perilymphatic space. So, the treatment aims to reduce the production and increased the absorption of endolymph. The clinical objective of treatment is to stop vertigo spells, reduce or abolish tinnitus and preserve or even reverse hearing loss. The majority of the studies have focused on reducing vertigo attacks, which is the severest symptom of MD. There are several therapeutic options for MD, but none is considered effective by the scientific community. The prerequisites for successful pharmacotherapy for MD include correct diagnosis, correct drug, appropriate dosage, and appropriate duration of therapy. There are several groups of drugs that can be used for MD such as betahistine, oral corticosteroids, intratympanic corticosteroids, intratympanic gentamycin injections, and benzodiazepines. The objective of this review article is to discuss the current knowledge of the pharmacotherapy of MD. Appropriate treatment of MD prevents this morbid disease and improves the quality of life.

Pages 01-05
Year 2022
Issue 1
Volume 6

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