Matrix Science Pharma (MSP)

Injury of Recurrent Laryngeal Nerve in Thyroid Surgery: A Scoping Review

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February 24, 2026 In Uncategorized

msp.01.2025.49.53

INJURY OF RECURRENT LARYNGEAL NERVE IN THYROID SURGERY: A SCOPING REVIEW

Journal: Matrix Science Pharma (MSP)
Santosh Kumar Swain

This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited

DOI: 10.4103/mtsp.mtsp_31_24_1

ABSTRACT

Thyroid surgery is a common surgical procedure in routine surgical practice. Recurrent laryngeal nerve (RLN) injury is an important reason for medical disputes from thyroid surgery. One of the most feared complications of thyroid surgery is vocal cord paralysis brought on by RLN damage. Injury of RLN with vocal cord palsy is a complication of thyroidectomy that profoundly affects patients. Patients are severely disabled as a result, both mentally and physically. Even though RLN injuries are rare, they might compromise one’s quality of life. Asignificant clinical condition known as bilateral RLN damage occurs when both vocal cords assume the median or paramedian position, obstructing the airway and necessitating an immediate tracheostomy. Identification and preservation of nerves depend on intraoperative hemostasis and a thorough knowledge of RLN anatomy. Injury of RLN following thyroid surgery is one of the leading causes of medico‑legal litigation against the operating surgeon. Early identification of RLN injuries and appropriate management are crucial to prevent these surgical complications.

 

Pages 49-53
Year 2025
Issue 1
Volume 9

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February 24, 2026 In Uncategorized

msp.04.2024.85.86

AYURVEDA AND HIGH URIC ACID

Journal: Matrix Science Pharma (MSP)
Letter to Editor

This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited

DOI: 10.4103/mtsp.mtsp_11_24_1

ABSTRACT

High levels of uric acid in the body are called hyperuricemia. Hyperuricemia occurs when uric acid forms faster than it eliminates from the body. Uric acid saturates body fluids leading to formation and accumulation of monosodium urate monohydrate crystals in different parts of the body, which manifests in the form of various diseases. Depending on the tissue involved, excess uric acid crystals may cause gout (vatarakta) or urinary calculi (ashmari). Gout can cause joint pain as well as swelling problems that can lead to arthritis. It occurs due to accumulation of urate crystals in joints, tendons, and the surrounding tissues. Urinary calculi are characterized by the accumulation of stones in the urinary system (obstructing the passage of urine) and pain during urination.

 

Pages 85-86
Year 2024
Issue 4
Volume 8

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February 24, 2026 In Uncategorized

msp.04.2024.79.84

CARDIAC PROFILE IN PATIENTS WITH SNAKE ENVENOMATION AND ITS COMPLICATIONS: A RETROSPECTIVE STUDY FROM A TERTIARY CARE CENTER IN SOUTH INDIA

Journal: Matrix Science Pharma (MSP)
Amit Mandal, Ramya Iyyadurai

This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited

DOI: 10.4103/mtsp.mtsp_1_24_1

ABSTRACT

Background: Snakebites continue to be a major public health concern throughout the world, and more in tropical countries. Cardiac implications are poorly understood due to the low frequency of cardiotoxicity combined with a lack of robust information. Aims: We aim to study the cardiac profile, complications in snake bite patients requiring admission in a medical unit. Materials and Methods: This retrospective study was conducted carried out from 01/05/2016 to 01/05/2021. The data was extracted from the inpatient medical records and it was analyzed. All adult patients requiring admission in a Medicine unit with a diagnosis of snake envenomation were included. Descriptive statistics were obtained for all variables in the study and appropriate statistical tests were employed to ascertain the significance. Result: The cohort consists of 80 patients with 45(56.3%) males and aged 40.06 ± 15.24 years (mean, SD). The majority of the Snake species identification was not available 38(47.5%). Viper bite was the commonest bite 32 (40%). The commonest clinical presentation was hemotoxic 33 (31.3%) followed by neurotoxic 16(20%). Electrocardiogram abnormalities were seen in 23 (28.7%) patients and commonest abnormality noted was sinus tachycardia 34(42.5%) of cases. 69 (86%) patients had cellulitis and 16(20%) had acute kidney injury (AKI). Twenty-four (30%) required intensive care monitoring, 22 (27.5%) required mechanical ventilation and 7 (8.8%) patients required hemodialysis. The mean ± SD duration of hospital stay was of 5.56 ± 3.76 days. The median direct cost was Rs 19714.5 and cost on medicine was Rs 10798. The mortality in this cohort was 4(5%). Conclusion: Snake bite causes significant morbidity. Viper bite was the commonest bite in our study. The mortality in this cohort was 4(5%). Cardiac toxicity is a clearly defined toxicity following snake bite envenomation however it has no effect on mortality

 

Pages 79-84
Year 2024
Issue 4
Volume 8

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February 24, 2026 In Uncategorized

msp.04.2024.70.78

KNOWLEDGE, ATTITUDES, AND PRACTICES OF MOTHERS WITH ACUTELY MALNOURISHED CHILDREN REGARDING CHILD FEEDING AND MALNUTRITION PREVENTION IN SUDAN

Journal: Matrix Science Pharma (MSP)
Hind S. Haran, Abdelrahim M. Elameen, Yasir A. M. Eltahir, Ahmed H. Arbab

This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited

DOI: 10.4103/mtsp.mtsp_26_23_1

ABSTRACT

Background: Malnutrition remains a global health issue, endangering the lives of millions of children, especially in developing nations. It profoundly affects a child’s physical and mental development, leading to severe and often irreversible consequences. Objectives: This study aims to assess the knowledge, attitudes, and practices of mothers with acutely malnourished children concerning child feeding and the prevention of malnutrition. Subjects and Methods: A cross‑sectional hospital‑based study was conducted involving 139 mothers with acutely malnourished children admitted to the malnutrition ward at Mohammed Al‑Ameen Hamid Pediatric Hospital between May 2022 and December 2022. Data were collected through direct interviews with the surveyed mothers utilizing a validated, structured questionnaire. Analysis of data was performed using SPSS software version 20. Results: The study revealed that 78.4% of mothers possessed adequate knowledge, 80.6% exhibited favorable attitudes, and 55.4% demonstrated good child‑feeding practices and malnutrition prevention practices. A significant correlation between mothers’ education and practice was identified (P = 0.025). Furthermore, data analysis highlighted the significant association between mothers’ knowledge and attitude (P = 0.007), mothers’ knowledge and practice (P = 0.006), and mothers’ attitudes and practice (P = 0.033). Conclusion: Most mothers exhibited sufficient knowledge and positive attitudes regarding child feeding and malnutrition prevention; however, there is a need to translate this awareness into improved practices.

 

Pages 70-78
Year 2024
Issue 4
Volume 8

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February 24, 2026 In Uncategorized

msp.04.2024.65.69

IMPACT OF ROLE MODELS ON MEDICAL STUDENTS

Journal: Matrix Science Pharma (MSP)
Santosh Kumar Swain

This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited

DOI: 10.4103/mtsp.mtsp_18_24_1

ABSTRACT

Role modeling plays an important role in the theoretical and practical background of medical education. The vital function of role modeling includes humanism and professionalism in medical education. The use of teaching faculties as role models for professional aspects of medical students is a need of the hour. The transformation of medical students to medical professionals is an important core competency needed for becoming expert clinicians in the current century. Role modeling is a key method for transmitting this professional skill among medical students. The professionalism of medical students is best learned through role models. The National Medical Commission in India is developing medical curriculum which ensures the students for development of professional competency and understanding values in medical education. The most important qualities in role models are a positive attitude toward junior colleagues, compassion for patients, and integrity. Students assess their clinical teachers not only on their clinical or practical skills but also on their soft skills. Role models facilitate the learning of the medical students and assist in the development of professional identity. However, social organization and cultural values influence the choice of role models. Excellence in role modeling entails the demonstration of excellent patient care, teaching skills, and personal values/characteristics. The aim of this review is to discuss on the student perception of professionalism with role models in medical school.

 

Pages 65-69
Year 2024
Issue 4
Volume 8

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February 24, 2026 In Uncategorized

msp.03.2024.62.64

NICOTINAMIDE RIBOSIDE: AN UPDATE

Journal: Matrix Science Pharma (MSP)
Letter to Editor

This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited

DOI: 10.4103/mtsp.mtsp_10_24_1

ABSTRACT

Nicotinamide riboside (NR) is a form of Vitamin B3 (niacin) and a precursor to nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+), a vital coenzyme found in all living cells.[1] NAD+ is involved in various metabolic processes, including energy production, DNA repair, and cell signaling. NR has gained attention for its possible health benefits, such as enhancing brain health, improving mitochondrial function, and promoting healthy aging. It is offered as a dietary supplement and is being studied for its potential therapeutic applications. NR can exist in both amorphous and crystalline forms, depending on how it is processed and formulated. The crystalline form is typically more stable and easier to characterize, which is advantageous for manufacturing and quality control in supplement production. On the other hand, the amorphous form can sometimes offer better bioavailability and solubility, although it may be less stable over time. Manufacturers may choose the form of NR based on desired product characteristics, such as stability, solubility, and ease of incorporation into different supplement forms (capsules, tablets, powders, etc.).

 

Pages 62-64
Year 2024
Issue 3
Volume 8

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February 24, 2026 In Uncategorized

msp.03.2024.56.61

HEPATITIS B VACCINATION STATUS, KNOWLEDGE, AND ATTITUDES AMONG HEALTHCARE WORKERS IN MILITARY HOSPITAL, KHARTOUM STATE: A CROSS‑SECTIONAL STUDY

Journal: Matrix Science Pharma (MSP)
Saffaa Yahia, Somia Babiker, Moatasem Gasmallah Mohamed, Abazar Hussin Ahmed, Ameen Awad Al‑Amin Babiker, Ehab Ahmed Altayeb, Hassan Gamal Hassan, Mubark Maisra, Ali Awadallah Saeed

This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited

DOI: 10.4103/mtsp.mtsp_8_24_1

ABSTRACT

Background: Hepatitis B virus (HBV) is a significant public health issue that causes a substantial number of cases of hepatitis‑related illness and death. It is particularly important to vaccinate healthcare workers (HCWs), as they face a higher risk of HBV infection due to their exposure to infected blood and other bodily fluids in their line of work. The Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention currently recommends HBV vaccination for adult populations at risk of infection. Therefore, this study aimed to assess the vaccination status, knowledge, and attitudes of HCWs toward HBV vaccination in a military hospital. Materials and Methods: An institution‑based descriptive cross‑sectional study performed between May 2022 and September 2022 for HCWs working in Omdurman Military Hospital who were available at the time of data collection; data were collected using a self‑administered and online questionnaire; the obtained results were analyzed. Results and Conclusion: Only 50% of HCWs in military hospitals possessed adequate knowledge, while the majority exhibited a positive attitude toward HBV infection. In terms of vaccination status, approximately two‑thirds of HCWs were immunized, but only half of them completed the recommended number of vaccine doses. The educational activities of the infection control training programs should be strengthened to enhance the awareness of HCWs regarding HBV infection and vaccination. It is necessary to implement comprehensive vaccination programs against hepatitis B in various medical fields. In addition, a mandatory and cost‑free policy for hepatitis B vaccination should be established for HCWs and medical students.

 

Pages 56-61
Year 2024
Issue 3
Volume 8

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February 24, 2026 In Uncategorized

msp.03.2024.50.55

EFFECTIVENESS OF CHLORAMBUCIL AS FRONT‑LINE THERAPY IN SUDANESE PATIENTS WITH CHRONIC LYMPHOCYTIC LEUKEMIA ATTENDING KHARTOUM ONCOLOGY HOSPITAL

Journal: Matrix Science Pharma (MSP)
Suad Z. Mohammed, Nadeen T. Ali, Kannan O. Ahmed, Bashir Alsiddig Yousef

This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited

DOI: 10.4103/mtsp.mtsp_9_24_1

ABSTRACT

Background: Chlorambucil was the standard of care therapy in chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL), it becomes restricted for a specific type of CLL population, due to the launching of more effective anticancer agents. However, in Sudan, chlorambucil remains the first‑line therapy in CLL. Thus, the study aimed to determine the effectiveness of chlorambucil in Sudanese CLL patients who attended the Khartoum Oncology Hospital from January 2014 to October 2017. Methods: This was a descriptive retrospective hospital‑based study in which files of patients who met the inclusion criteria were critically reviewed using a data collection sheet. The main response indicative parameters were lymphocytes count, lymph node enlargement, and organomegaly status. Effectiveness was assessed by measuring the overall response rate (ORR) as the primary endpoint and the progression‐free survival (PFS) as the secondary endpoint. Results: A total of 64 patients were included, 62.5% of them were male. The majority of them (59.4%) were aged ≥65 years old. Clinically, 43.8% of these patients were at stage IV. Around 63.1% of the patients received high dosages of chlorambucil. The median PFS for chlorambucil was 18 months. The complete clinical and partial remission rates were 24.4% and 20%, respectively. The ORR was significantly higher with the higher dose of chlorambucil (P = 0.019). While in terms of PFS, there was an insignificant difference between high dose (15 months) and small dose (22 months) of chlorambucil. Conclusion: In CLL Sudanese patients, chlorambucil was shown to have low response rates. High doses of chlorambucil lead to induction of better ORR, but there was no additional benefit in PFS compared to those who received low doses of chlorambucil.

 

Pages 50-55
Year 2024
Issue 3
Volume 8

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February 24, 2026 In Uncategorized

msp.03.2024.45.49

PALATAL PERFORATION, A MORBID CLINICAL ENTITY IN THE ORAL CAVITY

Journal: Matrix Science Pharma (MSP)
Santosh Kumar Swain

This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited

DOI: 10.4103/mtsp.mtsp_3_24_1

ABSTRACT

The palate is a favorable site of the oral cavity for soft tissue lesions. Palatal perforation is an uncommon clinical condition. It may result from
inherited or acquired factors. The acquired causes include infections, malignancy, and certain drug abuse. There are different factors such as diseases process or effects of certain drugs can affect the blood supply leading to tissue ischemia and lesions in the palate. Chronic necrosis of the epithelium lining the palate may destroy the bone to leave a bony sequester that eventually results in palatal perforation. The two most typical symptoms of an oronasal fistula are speech difficulties and nasal regurgitation. For histological study, palatal lesions should be biopsied. It is necessary to get the proper cultures and stains for fungus, bacteria, and mycobacteria. Depending on the underlying etiology, palatal perforations have different treatment options and prognoses. The treatment of palatal perforation and prognosis vary depending on the cause. This review focuses on details of palatal perforation including its etiopathology, classification, clinical features, and its current management.

 

Pages 45-49
Year 2024
Issue 3
Volume 8

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February 24, 2026 In Uncategorized

msp.02.2024.37.44

DETERMINATION OF THE MINERAL CONTENT, PHYTOCHEMICAL PROPERTIES, AND THE ANTIMICROBIAL PROPERTIES OF THE SEED EXTRACTS OF CARICA PAPAYA ON SOME CLINICAL ISOLATES

Journal: Matrix Science Pharma (MSP)
Osayamen Collins Udinyiwe, Andrew Edosa Omoregie

This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited

DOI: 10.4103/mtsp.mtsp_10_24

ABSTRACT

Medicinal plants are common in our environment and have been useful in traditional medicine. The present study was conducted to evaluate the mineral content, the phytochemical, and antimicrobial properties of Carica papaya seed extracts on clinical isolates. The C. papaya seeds were sourced from fruits sellers from the Ekosodin community in Ovia North East Local Government, Benin City, Edo State. The seeds were air-dried for 14 days. The extract was obtained by maceration using distilled water and ethanol as solvents. The results of the mineral composition for both aqueous and ethanolic extracts indicated that sodium, potassium, calcium, zinc, copper, phosphorus, nitrogen, chromium, and iron were present. The phytochemical screening for both aqueous and ethanolic extracts indicated the presence of compounds such as saponins, phenolics, alkaloids, and flavonoids. The antimicrobial assay revealed that C. papaya seed extracts had good antimicrobial properties with a minimum inhibition of 100mg/mL observed in Staphylococcus epidermidis and Bacillus subtilis for the aqueous extract, 1.04mg/ml S. epidermidis and B. subtilis, and 2.08mg/ml Candida spp. for the ethanol extract. The minimum bactericidal concentration of the ethanol extract in this study was 4.16mg/ml for S. epidermidis and 8.33mg/ml for B. subtilis, and the minimum fungicidal concentration was 8.33mg/ml for Candida spp. The results from this study indicated that C. papaya seeds possess sufficient mineral components and phytochemical components, indicating their potential use as supplementary antimicrobial agents and essential nutrients for both humans and animals.

 

Pages 37-44
Year 2024
Issue 2
Volume 8

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