Matrix Science Pharma (MSP)

Phyllanthus niruri, a widely used herbal remedy, has demonstrated various therapeutic properties. However, limited toxicological data exist regarding its safety profile. This study aimed to investigate the sub-acute toxicity manifested as hematological changes in a mice model following repeated oral administration over 14 days. A controlled randomized design was used with 24 mice, divided into four groups of six animals each. One control group was administered distilled water, while three treatment groups received aqueous extracts at low (1000 mg/kg), intermediate (2000 mg/kg), and high (4000 mg/kg) doses. No mortality was observed, and clinical signs of acute toxicity were absent. Behavioral changes such as mild lethargy and hypokinesia were transient and reversible. Body weight measurements indicated a dose-dependent reduction, with the high-dose group showing a significant decrease by day 14. Hematological analysis revealed a significant increase in neutrophils, monocytes, and eosinophils at higher doses, indicating an inflammatory or immune response. Additionally, a significant decrease in RBC count was observed in the high-dose group, suggesting potential hematological effects, including anemia. These findings suggest that while Phyllanthus niruri extract is generally nontoxic at lower doses, prolonged use or higher doses may lead to immune-related pathology and anemia.